近年来，随着我国经济的发展，公路里程不断增加，但与此同时，许多老旧公路进入了大修养护阶段，倘若不及时加以养护将出现各种病害。

　　In recent years, with the development of China's economy, the mileage of highways has been continuously increasing. However, at the same time, many old highways have entered the stage of major repairs and maintenance. If not maintained in a timely manner, various diseases will occur.

　　冷再生技术是针对旧路面实施冷再生处理的技术，在实际应用中，具有成本低、施工周期短、环境污染小等特点，目前已在公路养护中得以广泛应用。1 工程概况某公路工程位于河北省境内，路线全长3.9km。随着当地经济的快速发展，该公路的车流量日益增大，路面破损严重，出现各种病害，主要表现为翻浆、龟裂、坑槽、裂缝、车辙等。

　　Cold recycling technology is a technique for implementing cold recycling treatment on old road surfaces. In practical applications, it has the characteristics of low cost, short construction period, and low environmental pollution. Currently, it has been widely used in highway maintenance. 1 Project Overview: A highway project is located in Hebei Province, with a total length of 3.9km. With the rapid development of the local economy, the traffic flow of the highway is increasing day by day, and the road surface is severely damaged, with various diseases appearing, mainly manifested as mud turning, cracking, potholes, cracks, ruts, etc.

　　采用钻芯取样法对该路面进行病害分析，结果显示，该公路的路面和路基破坏严重，采用小修很难达到预期效果。因此，需要选取更为可靠、经济的养护技术。

　　The use of core drilling sampling method for disease analysis of the road surface shows that the road surface and subgrade are severely damaged, and it is difficult to achieve the expected results with minor repairs. Therefore, it is necessary to select more reliable and economical maintenance techniques.

　　2 沥青路面养护方法的选择

　　2. Selection of asphalt pavement maintenance methods

　　2.1 冷再生技术采用现场冷再生技术进行施工时，需要应用功率大的路面铣刨拌和机对原沥青路面实施铣刨、翻挖、破碎等处理，然后加入符合工程要求的骨料、水、水泥、沥青再生剂等进行充分拌和处理，制作符合工程要求的施工材料，在现场完成摊铺、碾压等工序。冷再生技术具有生产成本低，设备要求不高等特点，但多用于低等级的公路施工，具体特点表现如下。

　　2.1 Cold Recycling Technology When using on-site cold recycling technology for construction, it is necessary to use a high-power pavement milling and mixing machine to mill, excavate, and crush the original asphalt pavement, and then add aggregates, water, cement, asphalt rejuvenators, etc. that meet the engineering requirements for sufficient mixing treatment to produce construction materials that meet the engineering requirements. The paving, rolling, and other processes are completed on site. Cold recycling technology has the characteristics of low production cost and low equipment requirements, but it is mostly used for low-grade highway construction. The specific characteristics are as follows.

　　2.1.1 成本较低在实际应用中，冷再生技术所用底料是旧的铺层材料，避免了采购和运输大量新材料，有效减少了工程开支与造价，施工成本大幅降低。一般情况下，不同的再生层厚度会产生不同的成本，例如，随着厚度的增加，该技术可节约更多的成本。

　　2.1.1 Low Cost In practical applications, the cold recycling technology uses old layer materials as the base material, avoiding the procurement and transportation of large amounts of new materials, effectively reducing engineering expenses and costs, and significantly reducing construction costs. In general, different thicknesses of the regeneration layer will result in different costs. For example, as the thickness increases, this technology can save more costs.

　　2.1.2 施工效率较高冷再生技术所用机械设备能够一次性实现多道复杂工序，可有效节约人力、物力，提高施工效率，缩短工期。与此同时，该技术还能使施工现场各种施工器械开展密集施工，从而减小施工对交通带来的影响。

　　2.1.2 High construction efficiency: The mechanical equipment used in cold recycling technology can achieve multiple complex processes at once, effectively saving manpower and material resources, improving construction efficiency, and shortening the construction period. At the same time, this technology can also enable various construction equipment on the construction site to carry out intensive construction, thereby reducing the impact of construction on traffic.

　　2.1.3 施工质量较高冷再生技术对铺层材料和添加剂具有较高要求，确保添加剂与混合料配比合理、再生材料性能符合要求，促使路面养护质量得到提升。

　　2.1.3 High construction quality: Cold recycling technology has high requirements for paving materials and additives, ensuring that the ratio of additives to mixtures is reasonable and the performance of recycled materials meets the requirements, promoting the improvement of pavement maintenance quality.

　　2.1.4 污染小传统的公路养护技术往往会对环境造成污染，路面废弃物、施工材料与尘土会给周边环境带来影响。与此同时，传统技术主要使用新材料，需要对开采大量新材料，倘若不能够充分利用就会导致资源浪费。相比而言，冷再生技术能有效防止资源浪费，减少环境污染。

　　Traditional highway maintenance techniques often cause pollution to the environment, with road waste, construction materials, and dust affecting the surrounding environment. At the same time, traditional technologies mainly use new materials, which require the extraction of a large amount of new materials. If not fully utilized, it will lead to resource waste. Compared to others, cold recycling technology can effectively prevent resource waste and reduce environmental pollution.

　　2.2 热再生技术采用现场热再生技术施工时，首先根据要求对原损坏路面进行修复，然后应用加热设备对各个路面结构进行软化处理，将废料铲出后，加入一定量的新骨料、沥青等组合成为新的施工材料，再进行摊铺施工作业。在具体实施环节，通过对沥青路面再生机械进行加热处理，对路面进行软化，然后再将清理之后所形成的沥青废料传输到搅拌设备内，在材料中加入再生剂、新沥青、骨料等，进行拌和处理，形成新的混合料。按照要求运输到现场进行摊铺、压实等。

　　2.2 Hot Recycling Technology When using on-site hot recycling technology for construction, the original damaged road surface is first repaired according to requirements, and then heating equipment is used to soften each road surface structure. After the waste is shoveled out, a certain amount of new aggregates, asphalt, etc. are added to form new construction materials, and then paving construction operations are carried out. In the specific implementation process, the asphalt pavement recycling machinery is heated to soften the pavement, and then the cleaned asphalt waste is transferred to the mixing equipment. Regeneration agents, new asphalt, aggregates, etc. are added to the materials for mixing treatment, forming a new mixture. Transport to the site as required for paving, compaction, etc.

　　2.3 方案比选从设计方案可以发现，原计划采用传统施工工艺，将沥青混合料全部清除，然后铺设新的沥青路面以满足交通运行需求。但技术人员研究指出，由于该公路长度较短，采用冷再生施工工艺更加简单，成本也更低。因此，在综合考虑多种因素的基础上，该工程决定采用冷再生施工方案，铣刨厚度为21.5cm，即将沥青面层（6.5cm）与水泥稳定砂砾基层（15cm）铣刨去除。

　　2.3 Scheme Comparison From the design scheme, it can be found that the original plan used traditional construction techniques to completely remove the asphalt mixture and then lay a new asphalt pavement to meet traffic operation needs. However, research by technicians has pointed out that due to the shorter length of the highway, using cold recycling construction technology is simpler and more cost-effective. Therefore, based on comprehensive consideration of various factors, the project has decided to adopt a cold recycling construction plan with a milling thickness of 21.5cm, which means milling and removing the asphalt surface layer (6.5cm) and cement stabilized gravel base layer (15cm).

　　3 冷再生技术施工原理冷再生技术通过再生机把旧路面层打碎后，在其中掺入适当的结合料，经碾压成型后形成路面结构层，实现旧路面材料的就地再利用。具体而言，冷再生施工工艺依托于既有旧公路路面来实现，根据具体的设计要求及施工配合比，将骨料、水泥、乳化沥青等外加材料掺入其中，之后通过冷再生机在确保施工温度符合要求的条件下，就地连续实施对旧路面的铣刨、破碎、添加料、拌和、摊铺、碾压等工序，从而使路面结构层满足相关要求。

　　3. Construction principle of cold recycling technology: Cold recycling technology uses a recycling machine to crush the old pavement layer, add appropriate binders to it, and form a pavement structure layer after rolling, realizing the on-site reuse of old pavement materials. Specifically, the cold recycling construction technology relies on the existing old road surface to achieve. According to specific design requirements and construction mix proportions, external materials such as aggregates, cement, emulsified asphalt, etc. are mixed into it. Then, through a cold recycling machine, the milling, crushing, adding materials, mixing, paving, rolling and other processes of the old road surface are continuously carried out on site while ensuring that the construction temperature meets the requirements, so that the road structure layer meets the relevant requirements.

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