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道路基层冷再生施工要注意什么？
来源：https://www.sddhfjx.com/ 日期：2023-02-13
1.1材料准备
1.1 Material preparation
在实际的道路基层冷再生施工作业过程中，主要用到的施工材料有沥青面层铣刨料、水泥和水等等。通常大部分施工单位在选择水泥时，由于考虑到水泥化热问题，所以一般都会采用硅酸盐水泥，或是矿渣硅酸盐水泥等，这是因为此类水泥含有的水泥化热量较少，能够防止施工裂缝的出现。
In the actual process of cold recycling construction of road base, the main construction materials used are asphalt surface milling material, cement and water, etc. Generally, most construction units will use Portland cement or slag Portland cement due to the consideration of the heat of cementation when selecting cement. This is because such cement contains less heat of cementation and can prevent the occurrence of construction cracks.
并且，施工单位还要对新入厂的水泥质量进行严格的控制，坚决不允许使用变质的水泥。其次，施工单位还需要确保水泥强度真正达到了国家规定标准要求，无论是水泥龄期，还是稳定性，都满足了工程施工要求。而一般水泥初凝时间都在3-5小时左右，最后的终凝时间大概在6小时。
In addition, the construction unit should also strictly control the quality of new cement entering the factory, and never allow the use of deteriorated cement. Secondly, the construction unit also needs to ensure that the cement strength truly meets the requirements of the national standards, whether the cement age or stability, meet the requirements of the project construction. Generally, the initial setting time of cement is about 3-5 hours, and the final setting time is about 6 hours.
另外，道路基层冷再生施工工艺对于用水方面有着较高的要求，施工单位应该尽量采用饮用水，或是完全没有毒害物质的纯净水。再者，在对铣刨料选用时，也要确保料粒直径规格的一致，必须切实结合工程施工需要，选择出合适理想的铣刨料。最后，碎石作为基层混合料中主要的构成材料，应当对其强度、压碎值等当面进行规范要求。
In addition, the road base cold regeneration construction process has high requirements for water use. The construction unit should try to use drinking water or pure water without toxic substances. In addition, when selecting milling materials, it is also necessary to ensure the consistency of grain diameter and specification. It is necessary to select suitable and ideal milling materials according to the needs of engineering construction. Finally, as the main constituent material of the base course mixture, the strength and crushing value of the crushed stone should be standardized.
1.2冷再生混合料配合比设计
1.2 Mix design of cold recycled mixture
在道路基层冷再生混合料配合比设计中主要包括3个方面，如原材料分析、配合比设计及设计配合比检验。遵循《公路工程路而基层施工技术规范》进行混合料配合比的准确设计，确保施工质量。
The mix design of cold recycled mixture for road base mainly includes three aspects, such as raw material analysis, mix design and design mix inspection. Follow the Technical Specifications for Construction of Road and Base Course of Highway Engineering to accurately design the mixture ratio and ensure the construction quality.
冷再生施工现场
Cold regeneration construction site
2道路基层冷再生施工工艺的应用
2. Application of cold regeneration construction technology for road base
现如今，伴随着国民经济与科学技术的高速发展，我国城市化建设规模也在不断的扩大与完善，尤其是面临当前市场竞争如此激烈的形势，人们对于公路工程质量要求也提出了更高层次的要求，而在实际的公路工程施工过程中，每一个施工阶段之间都有着紧密相连的关系，一旦其中任何一个施工环节出现失误，都将会对整个工程施工质量造成不同程度的影响，甚至还会产生巨大的经济损失。
Now, with the rapid development of national economy and science and technology, the scale of urbanization construction in China is also expanding and improving. Especially in the face of the current situation of fierce market competition, people have also put forward higher requirements for the quality of highway engineering. In the actual process of highway engineering construction, each construction stage has a close relationship, Once any of the construction links make mistakes, it will affect the construction quality of the whole project to varying degrees, and even cause huge economic losses.
而冷再生施工技术作为现代公路工程建设中常用的技术手段之一，其施工质量的好坏将会对公路整体安全稳定性有着直接的影响，为了避免危险隐患的发生，无论是当地管理部门，还是施工企业，都必须加强做好施工现场质量控制工作，全面掌握当地地质条件、自然环境情况，制定出规范的施工流程和施工工序，采用先进的施工技术和施工工艺，从根本上确保公路工程的施工质量。
As one of the commonly used technical means in the construction of modern highway engineering, the construction quality of cold regeneration construction technology will have a direct impact on the overall safety and stability of the highway. In order to avoid the occurrence of hidden dangers, both local management departments and construction enterprises must strengthen the quality control of the construction site and comprehensively grasp the local geological conditions and natural environment, Formulate standardized construction process and construction procedure, adopt advanced construction technology and construction process, and fundamentally ensure the construction quality of highway engineering.
2.1施工放样
2.1 Construction setting out
按照原有路基铣刨过的标高和冷再生混合料底新铺基层的设计标高及经试验段确定的松铺系数，将新铺底基层的摊铺高程计算出来，并进行施工放样作业。
According to the milled elevation of the original subgrade, the design elevation of the newly paved base course of the cold recycled mixture and the loose paving coefficient determined by the test section, the paving elevation of the newly paved base course is calculated and the construction lofting operation is carried out.
2.2路面平整
2.2 Pavement leveling
将原有路面存有的杂物清理干净，将边线也清理干净，同时将再生路段上面的井盖等结构物清除，将原有路面进行翻浆、车辙、沉陷等病害处理作业，确保原有路面的平整性。
Clean up the sundries on the original road surface, clean up the sidelines, and remove the manhole covers and other structures on the regenerated road surface, and carry out the treatment of diseases such as frost boiling, rutting and subsidence on the original road surface to ensure the smoothness of the original road surface.
2.3准备新加料
2.3 Prepare for new feeding
在每平米新料添加量的计算中必须严格遵循原有路内再生深度的平均密度进行计算。按照每车料的多少进行其堆放距离的确定。在对每平方米稳定层水泥用量计算时，必须严格遵循水泥剂量要求进行，并对水泥摆放的纵横间距进行确定。
The calculation of the amount of new material added per square meter must strictly follow the average density of the regeneration depth in the original road. The stacking distance shall be determined according to the amount of materials in each vehicle. When calculating the cement dosage per square meter of stabilized layer, the cement dosage requirements must be strictly followed, and the vertical and horizontal spacing of cement placement must be determined.
2.4冷再生拌和
2.4 Cold regeneration mixing
在原有路面上水车在冷再生机租赁的推动下前行，遵循原有路面损坏情况及再生深度对行驶速度进行适当地调整及控制，通常都会将速度控制在每分钟6到12米，确保铣刨后料的级配不会产生较大的波动，在网裂较为严重的路段，必须将再生机组的行驶速度进行有效降低，并将铣刨转子的转速进行适量地提升。在再生机行驶中必须有工作人员跟随在其后面，以便对再生深度进行随时检查，同时还要对水泥含量及混合料的含水量进行检测，调整时，要与再生机工作人员相配合。
The waterwheel on the original road is driven by the cold recycling machine lease, and the driving speed is properly adjusted and controlled according to the original road damage and the regeneration depth. Usually, the speed is controlled at 6 to 12 meters per minute to ensure that the grading of the milled material will not have a large fluctuation. In the road section with serious mesh cracks, the driving speed of the recycling machine must be effectively reduced, Increase the speed of the milling rotor appropriately. During the operation of the regenerator, there must be staff following it to check the depth of regeneration at any time. At the same time, the cement content and the water content of the mixture should be detected. When adjusting, the staff of the regenerator should be coordinated.
2.5碾压整形
2.5 Rolling and shaping
再生机施工后初压时，应选用钢轮振动压路机，压实过程中要选用高幅低频压实，压实遍数必须符合再生层底部2/3厚度范围内的压实度。钢轮压路机行驶速度必须控制在每小时3千米以下。在完成初压后，整形施工可以选用平地机进行。
During the initial compaction after the construction of the regeneration machine, the steel wheel vibratory roller shall be selected. During the compaction process, the high amplitude and low frequency compaction shall be selected. The number of compaction times must meet the compaction degree within the range of 2/3 thickness of the bottom of the regeneration layer. The traveling speed of steel wheel roller must be controlled below 3 kilometers per hour. After the initial compaction, the shaping construction can be carried out with grader.
按照从两侧向中间的顺序平地机在直线路段上进行施工，特殊情况下，还要在进行一次刮平作业。按照从中间到两侧的顺序平地机在曲线路段进行刮平作业。碾压施工中遵循先边部后中间、由轻到重、由慢到快的顺序进行，特别是超高路段必须遵循从中间到两边的顺序进行碾压施工。
The grader shall carry out the construction on the straight road section in the sequence from both sides to the middle. In special cases, a leveling operation shall also be carried out. The grader shall carry out leveling operation on the curve section in the sequence from the middle to both sides. The rolling construction shall follow the sequence of starting from the edge to the middle, from light to heavy, and from slow to fast, especially for the superelevation section, the rolling construction must follow the sequence of starting from the middle to both sides.
2.6接缝与调头处理
2.6 Joint and turning treatment
施工人员在对纵向接缝进行处理的过程中，应该对道路宽度进行合理的设置，若是发生纵向重叠的情况，就要采取全幅施工方法，尽最大限度的将重叠量降到最低，同时也可以进一步提高施工效率。并且，施工单位还要对全幅施工与半幅施工的时间差进行有效的控制，不能太久，也不可以太短，需要按照工程施工需求，适当的加大重叠量。另外，在对横向调头进行处理时，应事先对产生的横向接缝进行处理，以免出现停机现象。
During the treatment of longitudinal joints, the construction personnel should reasonably set the width of the road. In case of longitudinal overlap, the full-width construction method should be adopted to minimize the overlap as much as possible, and at the same time, the construction efficiency can be further improved. In addition, the construction unit also needs to effectively control the time difference between full-width construction and half-width construction, which cannot be too long or too short. It is necessary to appropriately increase the amount of overlap according to the construction needs of the project. In addition, when dealing with the transverse turning, the transverse joints should be treated in advance to avoid the shutdown phenomenon.
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